Insect-Pest on Soybean in Tikamgarh Madhya Pradesh

The monsoon rainfall recorded at College Research Farm from 1 June to 2 August 2018 is 453.9mm against the normal rainfall during the period is 439.6mm. After the onset of monsoon around 25th June 2018 , the rainfall distribution is well distributed and farmers have shown their crop in time during kharif 2018.

Till Today,the incidence of white fly on soybean and blackgram is found to be almost nil i.e. 0.0.. Though the leaf folder, stem fly and green semilooper are found on soybean but still their numbers are low. It is expected that their numbers on soybean crop could be increased during this month.

The white fly free soybean might affected white fly during second week of August and by yellow mosaic virus little bit during their reproductive stage (most likely around flowering/pod initiation). Thus it may be expected a good soybean harvest this year if there will be no occurrence of weather extremes during September/October 2018.
The population of white fly on soybean and blckgram will be low and thus the YMV and do not much harmful for soybean yield.

Monsoon Break after onset in Bundelkhand and kharif crop sowing

Drought is recurring feature in Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh. It was noted that this region out of 5 year 3 year is generally drought year. Micro level drought analyses of past two decades indicate that frequency of occurrence of terminal and early season drought has increased. The frequent monsoon breaks of 4 to 10 days just after onset; creates a moisture stress accomplice with high soil temperature at 10 cm (> 35°C); which severely affects the soybean crop in its establishment stage.  This feature is monsoon delayed the sowing of kharif crops in this region and generally large number of farmers start their sowing after first week of July. Thus they lose the 15 to 20 days of crop /rainy season and again after 20 August monsoon break starts, and number of days above of air temperature above 35°C increases which finally affects the seed development. Thus the farmers have only 50-60 day of crop growing season in this region during kharif season. Till now under rainfed conditions no any soybean cultivar is available, which have maturity period of 60-70 days.  The trend of decreasing number of rainy days also is remarkable, the rainy days has decreased from 50 days up to 35-40 days. Thus the soybean production in Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh is in full grip of the gamble of monsoon and crop cultivation under rainfed condition is a risky business for farmers. 

This year of kharif 2018; the same situation is prevailing and farmers are waiting for heavy and widespread rainfall (> 60mm/day). Many farmers have sown their crops but still many farmers waiting for fairly widespread medium to heavy rainfall spell for the crop sowing. Today soil temperature at 10 cm depth at 11.30 AM is 36.3°C with partly cloudy sky. Widespread rainfall spell will be expected after 24-36 hours, hope this will continue for 2-3 days and farmers may be able to sow their crops during this week end. 

Monsoon onset and kharif crop sowing

Monsoon onset in Bundelkhand Agroclimatic zone was on 23^rd June after that a no rainfall was received till 26^th June. From 22nd June to 28^th June morning a total of average 40-50mm of rainfall is received, which is not sufficiently recharge the soil moisture below 10cm depth. Farmers are advised to still wait for a few days to start sowing of kharif crops. The chance of rainfall during next 36 hours is above 70 percent and moderate rainfall around 30-40mm could expect to receive. Check the soil moisture recharge below 10cm depth before start of kharif crop sowing operation.   

टीकमगढ़ जिले में मानसून आगमन की तिथि तथा मानसूनी वर्षा

मानसून आगमन की औसत तिथि 17-18 जून है। परन्तु इससे एक सप्ताह बाद या पहले आनेवाले मानसून को देर या पहले आनेवाला माना जाता है। बीते 17 वर्षों में टीकमगढ़ जिले में मानसून आने की तिथि तथा मानसून की वर्षा के आंकडों को तालिका क्रमांक-1 में दर्शाया गया है। इससे पता चलता है कि बीते 17 वर्षों में 8 बार मानसून देरी से तथा शेष वर्षों में सामान्य समय पर आया है। सामान्य समय या देरी से मानसून आगमन का मानसून में हुई कुल वर्षा से कोई सहसम्बंध नहीं होता है। इस वर्ष भी मानसून आगमन की तिथि औशत होने की संभावना है।

टीकमगढ़ जिले में वातावरण में बढते नमी को देखते हुए, सम्भवत: मानसून का आगमन 22-24 जून के आस-पास होगा। अत: किसान भाई, खरीफ फसलों की तैयारी करें तथा बुआई हेतु खाद, उन्नतशील बीज की व्यवस्था करें।

तालिका क्रमांक-1 : टीकमगढ़ जिले में मानसून आने की तिथि तथा मानसून में कुल वर्षा

वर्ष	मानसून आगमन की तिथि	कुल वर्षा(जून से सितम्बर माह) मि.मी.
2001	26 जून	696.0
2002	20 जून	780.9
2003	27 जून	967.0
2004	16 जून	773.0
2005	30 जून	839.0
2006	28 जून	730.6
2007	01 जुलाई	271.0
2008	12 जून	138.6
2009	25 जून	599.0
2010	02 जुलाई	568.3
2011	20 जून	1511.1
2012	07 जुलाई	1015.5
2013	15 जून	1372.2
2014	19 जून	598.9
2015	23 जून	490.6
2016	20 जून	885.9
2017	26 जून	594.1

टीकमगढ़ जिले में मानसून पूर्व (1-15 जून) वर्षा का तहसील स्तर पर वितरण में काफी अन्तर पाया गया है, जिसे तालिका क्रमांक-2 में दर्शाया गया है। जतारा, टीकमगढ़, पलेरा व पृथ्वीपुर को छोड़कर ओरछा, निवाड़ी तथा बल्देवगढ़ में कम वर्षा प्राप्त होती है। अत: किसान भाई, खरीफ फसलें लेते समय इस बात का ध्यान रखें तथा सिंचाई की व्यवस्था होने पर ही अधिक जल आवश्यकता वाली फसलें लगायें।

तालिका क्रमांक-2 : तहसील स्तरीय औसत वर्षा 2001-2017 (1-15 जून तक)

तहसील	कुल वर्षा (मि.मी.)
टीकमगढ़	316.6
बल्देवगढ़	71.2
जतारा	204.0
पलेरा	156.0
निवाडी	130.0
प्रथ्वीपुर्	147.3
ओरछा	135.9